Cloud Storage Services
Microsoft once offered a remote file-fetching solution that allowed you to access a PC's files over the Internet as part of the Windows Live Mesh application. They discontinued that product in favor of SkyDrive, now known as OneDrive.
Like Dropbox and Google Drive, OneDrive is a cloud file storage solution that provides you with a special folder on your PC. Files and folders you place into this folder are uploaded to your cloud storage account online and synced to all your PCs. You can run the client on all your PCs to sync files, or you can access the service via your browser or mobile app to download individual files you need.
Microsoft discontinued Windows Live Mesh because they believe a cloud storage service is the ideal way for an average user to access their files. You don't have to leave your PC online, install server software, or use a dedicated device. You can't access any file you want on your PC — you'll have to sync the files you care about and access them.
This may not be the ideal solution for power users, but it is the simplest solution for the average user who wants to access their personal documents from anywhere. It gives you an online backup, too.